Martin Rees. Steven Weinberg. Leonard Susskind. Andrei Linde. Alan H. Max Tegmark. How are Multiple Universes Generated? What would Multiple Universes Mean? TV Episode. Requiring that the human brain must be able to count the number of parallel universes may seem inappropriate, if not arrogant, but Linde and Vanchurin explain that dealing with the quantum world is different than our everyday lives in which quantum effects can be safely ignored.
A crucial part of their calculation here is an investigation of quantum effects on supergalactic scales. In this kind of scenario, the state of the multiverse and observations made by an observer are correlated similar to the Schrodinger cat experiment, where the outcome can be determined only after it is registered by a classical observer.
As the scientists explain, the calculation of the number of universes is an important step toward an even larger goal: to find the probability of living in a universe with a particular set of properties. What are the chances that we live in a world in which the laws of physics are these laws that we currently observe?
Answering this question requires finding probabilities that depend on knowing about other universes, among many other challenges. More information: How Many Universes are in the Multiverse? More from Other Physics Topics. Use this form if you have come across a typo, inaccuracy or would like to send an edit request for the content on this page.
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The information you enter will appear in your e-mail message and is not retained by Phys. You can unsubscribe at any time and we'll never share your details to third parties. In some regions, inflation ends quickly; in others, it ends more slowly. It needs to roll down the metaphorical hill and into the valley, but if it's a quantum field, the spreading-out means it will end in some regions while continuing in others.
This is the key point that tells us why a Multiverse is inevitable! Where inflation ends right away, we get a hot Big Bang and a large Universe, where a small part of it might be similar to our own observable Universe. But there are other regions, outside of the region where it ends, where inflation continues for longer. Where the quantum spreading occurs in just the right fashion, inflation might end there, too, giving rise to a hot Big Bang and an even larger Universe, where a small portion might be similar to our observable Universe.
But the other regions aren't still just inflating, they're also growing. You can calculate the rate at which the inflating regions grow and compare them to the rate at which new Universes form and hot Big Bangs occur. In all cases where inflation gives you predictions that match the observed Universe, we grow new Universes and newly inflating regions faster than inflation can come to an end.
Wherever inflation occurs blue cubes , it gives rise to exponentially more regions of space with Even if there are many cubes where inflation ends red Xs , there are far more regions where inflation will continue on into the future. The fact that this never comes to an end is what makes inflation 'eternal' once it begins, and what gives rise to our modern notion of a Multiverse. This picture, of huge Universes, far bigger than the meager part that's observable to us, constantly being created across this exponentially inflating space, is what the Multiverse is all about.
Whether the laws of physics are identical to our own in those other Universes is unknown. While many independent Universes are predicted to be created in an inflating spacetime, inflation This is where the scientific motivation for a Multiverse comes from, and why no two Universes will ever collide. If you have an inflationary Universe that's governed by quantum physics, a Multiverse is unavoidable.
As always, we are collecting as much new, compelling evidence as we can on a continuous basis to better understand the entire cosmos. It may turn out that inflation is wrong, that quantum physics is wrong, or that applying these rules the way we do has some fundamental flaw. But so far, everything adds up. Unless we've got something wrong, the Multiverse is inevitable, and the Universe we inhabit is just a minuscule part of it. This is a BETA experience. You may opt-out by clicking here.
More From Forbes. Nov 10, , pm EST. Nov 9, , pm EST. Nov 9, , am EST. Edit Story. I find this highly unlikely, but I wanted to be sure by asking you to address the veracity of the story. An illustration of multiple, independent Universes, causally disconnected from one another in an From a physics point of view, parallel Universes are one of those intriguing ideas that's imaginative, compelling, but very difficult to test. They first arose in the context of quantum physics, which is notorious for having unpredictable outcomes even if you know everything possible about how you set up your system.
If you take a single electron and shoot it through a double slit, you can only know the probabilities of where it will land; you cannot predict exactly where it will show up. One remarkable idea — known as the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics — postulates that all the outcomes that can possibly occur actually do happen, but only one outcome can happen in each Universe.
It takes an infinite number of parallel Universes to account for all the possibilities, but this interpretation is just as valid as any other. There are no experiments or observations that rule it out. The Many Worlds Interpretation of quantum mechanics holds that there are an infinite number of This interpretation is philosophically interesting, but may add nothing-of-value when it comes to actual physics.
A second place where parallel Universes arise in physics is from the idea of the multiverse. Our observable Universe began There was a very different phase of the Universe that occurred previously to set up and give rise to the Big Bang: cosmological inflation.
When and where inflation ends, a Big Bang occurs. But inflation doesn't end everywhere at once, and the places where inflation doesn't end continue to inflate, giving rise to more space and more potential Big Bangs.
Once inflation begins, in fact, it's virtually impossible to stop inflation from occurring in perpetuity at least somewhere. As time goes on, more Big Bangs — all disconnected from one another — occur, giving rise to an uncountably large number of independent Universes: a multiverse. While many independent Universes are predicted to be created in an inflating spacetime, inflation This is where the scientific motivation for a Multiverse comes from, and why no two Universes will ever collide.
There simply aren't enough Universes created by inflation to hold every possible quantum outcome owing to the interactions of particles within an individual Universe.
The big problem for both of these ideas is that there's no way to test or constrain the prediction of these parallel Universes. After all, if we're stuck in our own Universe, how can we ever hope to access another one?
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