There are exceptions to these generalizations; some organisms are placed into their respective kingdoms based on characteristics other than their feeding habits. Microscopic view of mycelial threads, which are only a few thousandths of a millimeter in diameter.
A mushroom is the reproductive structure produced by some fungi. It is somewhat like the fruit of a plant, except that the "seeds" it produces are in fact millions of microscopic spores that form in the gills or pores underneath the mushroom's cap.
The spores blow away into the wind, or are spread by other means, such as animal feeding. The body of the mushroom stores nutrients and other essential compounds, and when enough material is stored and the conditions are right they start to fruit - produce mushrooms. It is a hidden kingdom. The living body of the fungus is a mycelium made out of a web of tiny filaments called hyphae.
The mycelium is usually hidden in the soil, in wood, or another food source. A mycelium may fill a single ant, or cover many acres. The branching hyphae can add over a half mile 1 km of total length to the mycelium each day. If the mycelium produces microscopic fruiting bodies, people may never notice the fungus.
Most fungi build their cell walls out of chitin. This is the same material as the hard outer shells of insects and other arthropods. Plants do not make chitin. Fungi feed by absorbing nutrients from the organic material in which they live.
Fungi do not have stomachs. They must digest their food before it can pass through the cell wall into the hyphae. Hyphae secrete acids and enzymes that break the surrounding organic material down into simple molecules they can easily absorb - this is composting.
Mushrooms are nutritious: They are a good source of B vitamins, especially niacin and riboflavin, and rank the highest among vegetables for protein content. But because they are low in fat and calories, Western nutritionists mistakenly considered them of no food value a fresh pound has only about calories. Yet in dried form, mushrooms have almost as much protein as veal and a significant amount of complex carbohydrates called polysaccharides.
Mushrooming up over night? If the body is spread out and microscopic, how do mushrooms grow so quickly? There are two basic reasons: 1 Since they store up compounds between fruiting and most fruit once a year, they have a lot of reserve available to support the mushroom. Plants and animals grow through cell division - to get bigger they have to produce more cells.
Cell division is relatively slow and requires a lot of energy. The mushroom body also grows by cell division. However, the mushroom fruit does not grow by cell division. Just about as soon as it starts to develop, a mushroom has almost the same number of cells that the mature mushroom will have.
This means that the cells can balloon up very rapidly. Very little energy is required, basically the cells just enlarge with water.
So a mushroom can increase in size as fast as water can be pumped into its cells. Almost overnight a mushroom can go from a pin head to a large mushroom. Click for Mushroom Life Cycle. Mushrooms need water for their fruit to "grow". That is why a saucer and a humidity tent is included with Mushroom Kits TM. Mushrooms have no skin so they can lose water to the atmosphere very easily.
That is why they grow in high humidity lots of water vapor in the air conditions. If the humidity is too low the cells lose water faster than it can be "pumped" in and the immature mushroom dries up and dies. Fungi will grow on almost any thing. Many species are found on food in the form of molds and yeasts.
Many fungi are free living in water or soil. They also form parasitic relationships with plants and animals. Fungi best grows where there is much food, and in damp and moist areas.
Pictures by. Paul F. What types are there? There are about 56, species known but there about 1 million said to be unknown. There are 4 main groups that fungi can be put into: threadlike, sac, club, and imperfect. Threadlike fungi mostly live in the soil and decompose, but some are parasites. The threadlike group reproduces asexually.
There are extensions of hyphae with spores on it. They can also reproduce sexually. Sac fungi is the largest group of fungi. It includes yeasts, morels, truffles, and powdery mildews. Reproduction with sac fungi involves the forming of a sac. This formation is called ascus.
Sexually produced spores are created in the sac. Sac fungi usually reproduce asexually and sexually. Most sac fungi are multicellular.
0コメント